Influenza A Subtyping

Oligonucleotide microchip for subtyping of influenza A virus

BACKGROUND Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes depending on the antigenic properties of their two outer glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Sixteen subtypes of HA and nine of NA are known. Lately, the circulation of some subtypes (H7N7, H5N1) has been closely watched because of the epidemiological threat they present. OBJECTIVES This study assesses the poten...

Rapid subtyping of influenza A virus isolates by membrane fluorescence.

During the winter of 1977-1978 three influenza A virus serotypes (A/Vic/3/75, A/Texas/1/77 [both H3N2], and A/USSR/90/77 [H1N1]) circulated in Denver, offering us the opportunity to apply fluorescent antibody techniques to the specific identification of these viruses. Surface antigens of infected, unfixed primary monkey kidney cells were stained in suspension by an indirect immunofluorescence t...

Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-PCR Assay for Typing and Subtyping of Influenza A (H5 & H9) Virus in Iran

Avian influenza virus (AIV) infection is a major cause of bird or human mortality and morbidity, therefore the rapid identification of the virus is of important clinical and epidemiological implication. Methods: A multiplex Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was optimized for the detection of influenza A virus and the H5 and H9 subtypes. The influenza type A specific primers were directed to t...

Rapid subtyping of influenza a virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification: two cases of influenza patients who returned from Thailand.

Influenza: A Unique Disease

Dear Editor-in-Chief, Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus (1). Symptoms can be mild to severe (2). The most common symptoms include: high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, sneezing, and feeling tired (1). Three of the four types of influenza viruses affect people, Type A, Type B, and Type C (3, 4). Type D ha...